Homework 3

1. [5pts] What are some (at least two) similarities between Java
   Generics and C++ Templates?

2. [5pts] What are some (at least two) differences between Java
   Generics and C++ Templates?

3. [5pts] Write a generalized function in a static-typed language
   that given any three arguments will add them together.

   For example:
   - add(1, 2, 3) should return 6
   - add(1.5, 2.5, -1) could return 3.0
   - add("hello", 1, 2) could return "hello12" (could also be "lo")

4. [5pts] Java gives us three abstractions for generalizing code:
   - Generics (Type parameters)
   - Wildcards
   - Type inferencing with var

   Of these three, which one do you feel is the most critical for
   writing generic programs? Which one do you feel is the least
   critical?

5. [5pts] Why are destructors rarely used in Java but essential
   in C++?

6. [5pts] How do we define an abstract class in Java? What makes a
   class "abstract" in C++?

7. [10 pts] Write an abstract data type for rational numbers
   (a numerator and a denominator). Include a constructor and
   methods for getting the numerator, getting the denominator,
   addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, equality
   testing, and display.

8. [5pts] How can an exception handler be written in Java so that
   it handles any exception?

9. [5pts] Write a program in any language that creates a GUI with
   a single button that, when clicked, changes the text of itself
   to something else.