Generic Programming
- Function Overloading
  - Definition
  - Examples
  - How can a function be overloaded?
- Variable Number of Arguments
  - Binding of names
  - Case studies in C, C++, Java, Python/Ruby
- Generic Types
  - OCaml wildcards
  - Java Generics and Wildcards
    - Differences and Similarities
    - super vs extends
  - C++ Templates
    - Type constraints vs concepts
    - how do templates differ from Java generics?
- Nameless Procedures (Lambdas and Closures)
  - Case studies in various languages
    - language evaluation criteria
  - Closures in C++ with capture lists
  - How to differentiate between a Lambda and Closure

Coroutines
  - Definition of re-entrant
  - Generators
    - Definition
    - Python example
    - Recursive Generators
  - Two possibilities of re-entrant behavior:
    - "Returning" values from a coroutine
    - "Sending" values from a coroutine

Object Oriented Programming
- Definitions
  - Abstract Data Type
  - Class, Subclass, Superclass
  - Object
- Components
  - Constructors and Destructors
  - Accessor Methods
  - Mutator Methods
  - Properties
  - Naming Encapsulations
- Terms:
  - Interface
  - Abstract Class
  - Inheritance
  - Multiple Inheritance
  - Final/Sealed Class
  - Visibility
- Dynamic Binding
  - Class Instance Records
    - Contents
  - Virtual Tables / VTables
- Reflection
  - Definition
  - "Metaprogramming"
- Design Issues

Event-Driven Programming
- Terms
  - Event
  - Event Handler
  - Event trigger
- Event-Driven Architecture
  - Know the steps
- Trace through an example (Provided code)

Exceptions
- Definition
- Terms
  - Raising
  - Handling
  - Continuing
  - Fatal Exception
  - Aborting/Terminating
- Exceptional Control Flow definition / example
- Exception Handlers
  - Writing them in Java or C++ or Python or OCaml
  - try vs catch/except/with vs finally vs else
  - Language evaluation criteria for exception programming

Cumulative Material (At least 30% of the exam)
- OCaml
  - Tail Recursion
  - Tuples
  - Higher Order Functions
  - Variants
  - Recursive Types
  - Folding
- Stages of Compilation (Approx 10 points)
  - Project-Centric
- Axiomatic Semantics
  - Weakest Precondition
- Parameters
  - Actual Passing Modes
    - For each be able to trace an example!
    - Pass-by-Value
    - Pass-by-Result
    - Pass-by-Value-Result
    - Pass-by-Reference
    - Pass-by-Name
  - Passing Arrays
    - Decay - definition
    - Multidemensional & single-dimension in C/C++
  - Control Structures
    - break
    - continue
    - goto
    - usage + design -- is it a good idea to have/use these?