CSCI 121 - Lecture 3 - Formatting

Instructor's Class Notes

1. <h1>, <h2>, ...<h6> - Headings
• h1 to h6 tags are used to define HTML headings.
• h1 is the largest and most important, h6 is the smallest and least important.
2. <p> - Paragraph
• Paragraphs are important in making your text readable (no run-on).
• You cannot hand-format your HTML without the <p> tag because:
• You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed.
• Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results.
• With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code.
• The browser will remove any extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed.
• <br> - Line break
• The HTML
  element defines a line break.
• Use <br> if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph.
• The <br> tag is an empty tag, which means that it has no end tag.
• <pre> - Pre-formatted text
• Use <pre> if the text is already pre-formatted (retains spaces, breaks, etc).
• <b> - Bold text
• The <b> tag makes all text within bold.
• <strong> - Important text
• The <strong> tag makes all text within strong.
• <i> - Italic text
• The <i> tag makes all text within italics.
• <em> - Emphasized text
• The <em> tag makes all text within emphasised.
• IMPORTANT: Browsers display <strong> as <b>, and <em> as <i>. However, there is a difference in the meaning of these tags: <b> and <i> defines bold and italic text, but <strong> and <em> means that the text is "important" and they therefore are semantic tags, not formatting tags.
• <mark> - Marked text
• The <mark> tag makes all text within marked.
• <small> - Small text
• The <small> tag makes all text within small.
• <del> - Deleted text
• The <del> tag makes all text within deleted.
• <ins> - Inserted text
• The <ins> tag makes all text within inserted.
• <sub> - Subscript text
• The <sub> tag makes all text within _subscripted.
• <sup> - Superscript text
• The <sup> tag makes all text within ^{superscripted}.

* definitions from and inspired by w3school.com